What Is AP Research Should You Take It

What Is AP Research Should You Take It SAT/ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips AP Research is a class presented by the College Board as a piece of its new AP Capstone program. In any case, what does it truly include? How might you progress nicely? In this article, I'll give a review of AP Research and give you some more data about whether you should take it and how you can be effective in the class. What Is AP Research? AP Research is the second course that understudies take in the AP Capstone program. It comes after AP Seminar.If you take AP Seminar and AP Research, you will gain an AP Research and Seminar Certificate, and in the event that you take the two classes notwithstanding four other AP courses and tests, you will procure an AP Capstone Diploma. This program is extremely new (the College Board revealed the full form in the fall of 2014), yet you will in all probability profit by it in the school application process when schools see the sorts of cutting edge assignments you've finished in these exploration focusedclasses. In AP Research, understudies are urged to investigate a subject or issue that premiums them and configuration, plan, and direct a year-long exploration venture revolved around it.The classrepresents the climax of abilities that understudies learn in AP Seminar, which incorporate adequately dissecting sources, planning rational contentions sponsored up by proof, and looking at issues from varying purposes of view.Smaller research extends in AP Seminar will set you up for the huge scope research venture you will attempt in AP Research. Doing a drawn out exploration venture is a great deal like scaling the jagged pinnacle of a blanketed mountain in the event that you substitute physical uneasiness for mental inconvenience, but at the same time it's similarly as compensating at long last! What Exactly Will You Do in AP Research? AP Research comprises completely of a year-long exploration project.The finished result is a 4000-5000 word scholastic paper and a 15 brief introduction with an oral defense.You will likewise be relied upon to gather the materials you utilized in your investigation into a portfolio.This bit of workis like a theory venture, so it’s great groundwork for school scholastics. Subjects for the examination venture are typically generally open, yet contentions for and against answers for serious issues in the public eye will in general be the fundamental core interest. For instance, you may research whether the legislature ought to put more assets in finding and supporting economical vitality sources. In your scholarly paper, you will be required to: Present and contextualize your examination question and your underlying musings and speculations about it.In the instance of my model, the exploration question may be Should the administration give more assets to manageable vitality ventures? You would think about the inquiry quickly here and share your underlying clueless sentiments before jumping into any examination. Survey past thoughts and takes a shot at the subject and their contentions and perspectives.This is the place you would address contentions for and against the reception of arrangements to advance the utilization of supportable vitality. This area lays the foundation for your contentions in later areas of the paper. Clarify your exploration technique and why you moved toward the inquiry this way.Here, you would examine how you approached accumulating hotspots for your examination and how you gathered the data. This loans believability to your contention in the following area. Present your discoveries and decipher their hugeness in association with your examination question.In this area, you would spread out your contention dependent on the proof you found through your exploration. In the model, your contention may be that we ought to commit more assets to economical vitality ventures in light of the fact that the drawn out results of proceeding to utilize non-sustainable power sources will be incredibly critical. You could bolster this contention with research that you addressed in past segments. Talk about the suggestions and impediments of your discoveries and think about the procedure. This is the place you would discuss any qualifiers identified with your contention in the past area. On the off chance that you can't be certain beyond a shadow of a doubt of an end that you drew or there is some hypothesis included, you would go over those likely impediments. You would likewise discuss what your discoveries mean in a bigger setting. Discussion about potential subsequent stages on the issue taking into account these findings.Basically, this is the so what? segment. This is the place you would introduce your thoughts for what useful advances the world may take dependent on your exploration. In the model, this could be something like giving better duty motivations to organizations that utilization sustainable power sources or adjusting cash in the administration's financial plan with a certain goal in mind so a greater amount of it goes towards clean vitality ventures. Give a total bibliography.This is entirely obvious. You'll have to refer to every one of your sources accurately and ensure that they're dependable. After you turn in your paper, you will likewise convey a 15 brief introduction to a board of instructors in whatever arrangement works best for your exploration. You'll be solicited to give a safeguard from your discoveries after your introduction. Your AP Research educator and two board individuals picked by your instructor will pose you three or four inquiries about your work, and you'll need to answer them dependent on your examination. You'll be decided on the nature of your resistance. In the event that you make a powerless contention, your instructor will hit a hammer against her work area and shout OVER-RULED! over and over until you think of something better. Would it be a good idea for you to Take AP Research? As a matter of first importance, you can possibly take AP Research in the event that you take AP Seminar beforehand.Make sure you plan out your classes carefullyif you need to wind up in this class! On the off chance that you are hoping to gain the AP Research and Seminar Certificate or the AP Capstone Diploma, you should take this class.Keep at the top of the priority list that for the Capstone Diploma you’ll likewise need to take four more AP classes and tests. A few schools will offer you credit for taking these classesor will permit you to put out of starting courses that are required for different students.This can make things somewhat simpler on you during your first year. You’ll likewise be more ready for school scholastics on the off chance that you take AP Research.You will as of now be comfortable with the way toward gathering examination and utilizing it to define an assessment on a theme. At the point when you're appointed your first examination paper, you’ll know precisely where to begin. Beside those advantages, AP Research can be a great method to investigate a point that really premiums you. You'll have a huge amount of opportunity with regards to picking your theme, so you can investigate practically any thought that you find convincing. AP Research is a decent decision for understudies who are searching for an approach to advance their secondary school involvement in autonomous research and join up with serious school programs. Go, be free. Take off through the all the way open sky of source material on your wings of scholarly request. How Might You Do Well in AP Research? In AP Research, the most significant guideline for doing great is to abstain from falling behind!Since your whole evaluation lays on one long haul venture, you should ensure that you are tireless about keeping focused all through the year.It’s enticing to dawdle when it appears as though you have so long to finish the undertaking, however you won’t take advantage of your examination on the off chance that you don’t spread out your work.You need to abstain from turning in a disappointing task that you don’t have confidence in light of the fact that you used up all available time. I would likewise propose that you wrap up the entirety of your examination before you begin composing any piece of your paper. It's difficult to compose a durable contention when you're adding to it piece by piece as you come. It's ideal to arrange all the data you need first, make sense of your contention dependent on the proof, and afterward begin organizing your paper around it. This may appear glaringly evident, however now and again with these sorts of ventures it's enticing to begin chipping away at the part that you really need to turn in before you've completely investigated all the foundation data. In a related point, you ought to be adaptable and acknowledge that you may need to reframe your exploration question.You never realize what impasses you may hit or how you may need to change your venture as you become familiar with your topic.The most ideal approach to get ready for these situations is to begin your examination early.The greatest tasks will be those that adjust to new discoveries after some time. You should shield your work, so you ought to be certain that you have faith in the perspective that you’re selling and that it's supported up by strong proof. At long last, you shouldchoose an examination question that interests you. Dealing with an examination venture for an entire year can get repetitive, and you would prefer not to be totally tired of your subject following two or three months. Converse with your educator about your inclinations so you can cooperate to locate a reasonable examination question that will hold your core interest. Pick a point with a great deal of profundity, much the same as this madly dreadful flight of stairs. End AP Research is the below average in the AP Capstone program after AP Seminar. It's like a free investigation class andconsists completely of one year-long exploration venture on a subject of your decision. You will compose an exploration paper summing up your discoveries and afterward give an oral introduction followed by a barrier of your contention. AP Research can be a valuable class for understudies who need to be solid and steady for school level assignments. It's an incredible method to sharpen your aptitudes in adequately directing exploration and planning contentions dependent on proof. It additionally may be a decent break from your different classes due to the degree of opportunity it gives to understudies. It's a chance to become familiar with about any subject or question that interests you! What's Next? Not certain if y

J.B.Priestley’s play, An Inspector Calls :: English Literature

An Inspector Calls Talk about the character of Sheila in â€Å"An Inspector Calls† Sheila Birling is the little girl of Mr Arthur Birling and Mrs Sybil Birling. She has a more youthful sibling called Eric Birling. Sheila is in her mid twenties and is in a high social class. Anyway they are supposed to be â€Å"nouveux rishe† in light of the fact that her dad wasn’t naturally introduced to a well off family, he made his own specific manner through life to be were he is. This, as it were, legitimizes the mentality and habits his youngsters and himself. What I mean by this is he hasnt got the sophisted jargon we would expect a man in his position would have. Sheila furthermore, Eric likewise appear to have this absence of â€Å"manners† and sophistecated jargon. â€Å"Dont be an ass† Sheila says this to Eric at the table. As should be obvious this is all in all a present day jargon and not legitimate of a rich family.This contrasts grately with the conduct and vacabulary of her mom. Sheila shows herself as a naive young lady. She is willing to acknowledge new thoughts and ideas. She has a genuine and alluring character and shows a significant unexpected character in comparison to that of her guardians. She isn't so â€Å"cold-blooded†. This makes her ready to change her demeanor as the play advances. I think Sheila speaks to two of the lethal sins. She speaks to envy in the shop where she went to purchase the dress. She begrudged the way Eva glanced in the dress. She likewise speaks to rage (incredible indignation).. Sh speaks to this generally in her conduct at Milwards. Sheila, before the overseer comes, is exceptionally youthful and very naã ¯ve also.. She appears to express rather juvenile things particularly to Eric utilizing slang expressions, for example, â€Å"You’re squiffy†. This shows her little cognizance towards the force Gerald has over her. She doesn’t appear to understand that she is utilizing slang jargon infront of her fiancã © which has a place with a high status family. From the get-go in the play she demonstrates herself to be an extremely reliant young lady, seeking her folks for most choices that should be made. Her union with Gerald was a marriage of organizations, just as adoration. I question Sheila saw this at that point, or simply overlooked this reality. Sheila is likewise a significant spoilt young lady since she has all that she needs. This is appeared in her demeanor in Milwards. Here she shows that she depends on others and thinks about the lower classes. I think Holy decides to speak to her like this from the outset with the goal that we can understand the large change she makes as the play advances.

Best Email Provider

Best Email Provider © Shutterstock.com | Alexey BoldinIn this article, we will look at 1) what to look for when choosing an email provider, 2) free email providers, 3) paid email providers, and 4) most secure email providers.WHAT TO LOOK FOR WHEN CHOOSING AN EMAIL PROVIDEREmail is increasingly becoming the primary mode of communication in today’s world. Through both paid and free email providers, we are able to maintain personal and professional communication easily. In addition to this, other online platforms and social media websites now require a personal email address for registration.With ever increasing choices in email providers available, it can become very difficult to pick the right one that suits every requirement and provides the best service. There are some basic functionalities that any good email service provider should offer. These functionalities should go beyond just sending and receiving messages. These include:Features: Additional features that a good email provider should offer i nclude calendars, instant messaging options and mobile apps for smartphones and tablets. All features should sync seamlessly between desktop and mobile versionsStorage: An important thing to consider is the amount of storage space an email account offers. Some people prefer to keep detailed archives and have a lot of incoming and outgoing emails. For these people, the need for an email provider that offers extended storage space is extremely necessary.Attachment Limits: Another key considerations these days for email providers is how large an attachment can be sent in a regular email. With the proliferation of high definition photos and videos, it can be a challenge to send media and documents with embedded media over email.Filters and Folders for Organization: In order to maintain a clean inbox, folders and filters are an important feature. A good email host will allow these to be set up with some even allowing auto-sorting of incoming emails based on keywords, past preferences and behaviorEmail Composition Tools: This may not seem like an important feature to some people, but it is a useful tool to have options such as fonts, sizes, spell checks, signature etcSecurity: One key aspect of choosing an email provider is to assess the degree of security it provides. For even a regular user of email, there can be sensitive information to protect such as bank information, passwords, links to other websites and social media websites, tax information and other personal information. The ability to keep hackers and other cyber thieves out of an inbox therefore becomes a key consideration. A good email provider should provide layers of security that include, phishing filters, spam filters, secure login mechanisms, attachment scanning for viruses etcHelp, Support and FAQs: A good email provider should provide basic support for regular smaller problems as well as major issues. Help services can include password recovery, customer service over email or phones and frequentl y asked questionsData Portability: This aspect is often not considered but is a very important factor. This either means that the email provider must support a desktop client such as Outlook or Thunderbird or the service has export and import capabilities. Desktop clients are supported by email addresses in general. The other aspect is trickier since emails are usually easy to transfer back and forth. It is the contact list that creates problems and there is almost certainly some loss of data.Reliability: A reliable email provider should have as few connectivity issues as possible as well as smooth delivery of email, unhindered by things such as overzealous spam filters. This can be an issue in some providers where either emails are not received or do not reach their destination.FREE EMAIL PROVIDERSGmail © Wikimedia commons | GoogleGmail is one of the most popular email providers today. It is known for its simple and user free interface, ample storage space and a myriad of features. At present it offers about 15 GBs of inbox space to its users and this is extended periodically.Benefits of GmailFeaturesGmail provides a large number of features and the option of choosing to use any of 30 different languages. These can be used if required or ignored if not needed. Some of the more interesting and useful features include RSS feeds, labels, auto-saved drafts, auto forwarding, ability to send emails from other accounts owned by the same person.There is a search bar that allows the user to search within the inboxThere is an integrated instant messaging service called GtalkThere is constantly work being done to offer new features and improve existing ones.Organization There are also detailed options to organize conversations and emails into folders and filters allow these emails to directly be sent into relevant, specified folders.Junk email filters are very strong and work quite well to keep unwanted email out.Emails are organized into conversations rather than separately. This makes it much easier to keep track of them.There are also preset tabs and email is sorted into these automatically. These are the primary, social and promotional tabs.Interface There are no advertisements banners at any point on the screen. Some relevant text based advertisements are shown on one side.The interface is simple and easy to navigate though still displaying many of the features on offer. The email page loads faster than most other providers.Storage and AttachmentsGmail allows users to send emails with up to 20mb of attachments within.SupportThere is an extensive section for help and FAQs in addition to the option of emailing for a solution.Accessibility and SecurityGmail is smoothly integrated for mobile access with the Android operating system.Gmail also offers a two-step authenti cation making it a very safe service.ConcernsThere have been some privacy concerns with Gmail pertaining to the Google ads algorithm that reads emails. This is used to pick and display relevant text ads. This is a primary concern regarding Gmail.OutlookOutlook, the free online email provider and not the Microsoft desktop client, is one of the first free email services launched. It is the updated version of Hotmail.Benefits of OutlookFeaturesSince Microsoft owns Skype and is a part of the Facebook board, it is able to offer access to instant messaging and Facebook seamlessly.The account can be setup according to personal preferences. This customization includes filters, tabs and importance classification options for emails.InterfaceIn contrast to Hotmail’s slow and somewhat clunky interface, outlook is sleek and minimalist in appearance. The interface is both functional and visually appealing.AccessibilityThe account offers access to SkyDrive and other Windows Live tools and applic ations. It is also integrated with Windows phones and Windows 8.ConcernsThough vastly improved, the service still does not manage to create a strong enough motive for people to want to switch over from Gmail or chose Outlook over Gmail.Yahoo! Mail © Wikimedia commons | Yahoo!Also one of the initial email service providers, Yahoo! has made several improvements to its product.Benefits of Yahoo! MailInterfaceThe latest upgrade to the user interface by Yahoo! has brought it much closer to Gmail and even Outlook. The difference is that the email provider has kept its three pane screen model with the right pane being divided into sections. One of these offers email previews.FeaturesAmong the features offered is the Yahoo! Messenger, an integrated calendar and a contact list.OrganizationAs is the norm, there are options to apply filters, star important emails and sort the rest into tabs. The service allows attachments such as photos and videos to be viewed inside the inbox without the need for a separate tab.ConcernsOne major point of concern is that the service does not allow the email account to be accessed from different locations simultaneously.Another annoyance for many users is that the Yahoo! Mail page still sports banner adv ertisements.PAID EMAIL PROVIDERSOpting for a Domain NameThough free email providers are a good option for more people, it is tricky when the long term value of email accounts is considered. With Gmail overthrowing established players such as Hotmail and Yahoo, it may be a matter of time before another option comes along to dethrone Gmail. To prevent such an occurrence, business owners may find it a good idea to use a unique domain name for email service. This will ensure that no matter what the service being used, the email address will remain constant over time.The first step then is to invest in purchasing a domain name. The next step is to pick the right paid client to host this domain name.Examples of Paid Email ProvidersThexyz PremiumOne paid email provider is Thexyz, which offers more features to a professional, enterprise audience. All emails are automatically backedup, to ensure that no data is ever lost. This includes all sent and received emails and is an attractive featur e for businesses. he service allows more space in the inbox as well as up to 50MB of attachments per email. Other features include integrated group calendars and sync to smartphones. The service allows all data to be transferred seamlessly from another account.The appearance of the service is not as streamlined and attractive as other services such as Outlook or Gmail. But this is usually not a concern to the target audience for Thexyz. There is not much integration or plugins with other applications such as Skype or Facebook with Outlook.GoogleGoogle is one of the most popular choices for domain hosting. The service costs $5 per month per user on the hosted domain. For that subscription, the user will receive 25GB of storage and strong support from Gmail along with all the usual features and benefits.OutlookThe updated Outlook is another strong option for a paid email service. The major benefit of outlook is that it remains free for people looking to host their own domain. As many as 500 email addresses can be hosted for no charge and there is the option of upgrading to Outlook Plus to remove ads for a few of $19.95 per month. The services on offer include integration with Office Web Apps and Skype powered video chat. There is also a 2 step verification process which adds an important layer of security.The service does not support IMAP sync which means it cannot be used simultaneously in different locations unless the desktop email app Outlook is used.Office 365 Small BusinessAnother service by Micrsoft, a monthly subscription of $4 will allow access to Exchange in Microsoft’s Cloud. This means access to Exchange push email (IMAP or POP3 sync) among other features. For the $5 per month subscription, users also get access to Sharepoint which allows collaboration with teams. An additional fee of $7 means access to the complete Office 2013 for a PC and Office 2011 for a MAC.Atmail CloudAtmail offers an attractive user interface despite a few bumps here and the re. There are many of the same features as Gmail on offer and every kind of sync that is needed. There are tools available to manage an entire team. All this is available for a small subscription of $2 a month. The service does require a minimum of five users for a domain to be hosted.FastMailFastMail is a popular alternative to Gmail for hosting a domain name based email address. The service is an economical option that begins from $39.99 per year for a single email address hosted on a unique domain. There has been some improvement in the web apps but there is still a long way to go. The service does offer an IMAP and POP3 sync and there are options to increase the number of users on a domain.Rackspace EmailRackspace offers two options for users. A $2 subscription per user will give access to the providers own service while a $10 per month subscription will allow a user to access their Exchange powered email. A user can switch between these two options on one domain. The downside i s that there needs to be a minimum spend of $10 each month which translates to at least 5 users.HushmailHushmail is designed to offer great privacy to its users. This is achieved through HiPPA-compliant privacy, built in OpenPGP encryption, unlimited email aliases and other features. The subscription is $5.24 for each user every month along with a one-time $9.99 setup fee.ZohomailZoho is a little known office suit company that provides a lot more to its users. The company has an impressive array of web applications that range from office to CRM together with professional email hosting. There is a free option while the paid options allows extended storage and features. There are also no ads, push email and full sync support. The subscription is $2.5 for each user every month.MOST SECURE EMAIL PROVIDERSThere are increasing concerns about email services not being private and fears of surveillance and intrusive data mining. For users concerned with these issues, there are several servic es that provide a more secure environment for their users. A few of these services include:S-Mail: Though the interface appears outdated, the service uses up-to-date technology to ensure security of online communication. The service ensures that documents and files sent are not stored on any servers through a process where unlock keys are used for any email address. The messages sent are unlocked through the receiver’s unique address and electronic signature.Hushmail: This service encodes all messages automatically using an encryption technology. A special key code is required to decrypt and read messages. The service is free initially with the option to upgrade to access more storage and features.Lockbin: Messages on Lockbin are sent using an AES-256 bit encryption method. An unlock key needs to be provided to the receiver after the email is sent. This is a bit cumbersome but also a guarantee that the intended recipient is the only one who can access the email. Once viewed, the m essages are deleted from servers.NeoMailBox: Another secure and reliable service, NeoMailBox also provides IP anonymity and SSL protected internet surfing. These services are hosted in Switzerland which is a country supportive of privacy issues. There are also disposable email addresses available among other features.Proton Mail: Created out of concern by a group of CERN scientists, Proton mail is protected from any efforts to read emails intended for someone else. The service uses end to end encryption. Data is encrypted before it reaches the server and the encryption key is separated from the encrypted message to provide the necessary security. Servers are hosted in Switzerland for additional layers of security. The service is free with the option to upgrade for additional storage space.

Online Options for German Lessons for Beginners

The German language is much easier to learn than you might have heard. With the right course structure, a little discipline, and some online tools or apps, you can master your first steps into the German language quickly. Heres how to get started. Set Realistic Goals Make sure to set a solid goal like e.g. I want to reach German level B1 by the end of September with 90  minutes of daily work and also consider booking an exam about six to eight weeks before your deadline (if you stay on track, of course). For more about what to expect from German exams,  take a look at our exam  series: How to pass an A1-ExamHow to pass an A2-ExamHow to pass a B1-Exam If You Want to Focus on Writing If you need help with your writing,  Lang-8  offers a service where you can  copy and paste a text for the community--usually native speakers--to edit. In return, you just need to correct another members text, which will not take you long. And its all free. For a small monthly fee your text will be featured more prominently and get corrected faster but if time doesnt matter to you, the free option is sufficient.   If You Want to Focus on Pronunciation and Speaking Looking for a conversational partner is the very best way to hone your speaking skills.  While you can try to find a tandem partner, with whom you could arrange a free language exchange, its often simpler to just pay someone for this job. Sites like  Italki  and  Verbling are places where you might find someone suitable and affordable. Those dont necessarily have to instruct you, although that might be helpful. Thirty minutes of practice a day is ideal, but any amount will improve your skills rapidly. Basic German Concepts and Vocabulary Below youll find a number of resources on this site that are suitable for beginners. Grà ¼ÃƒÅ¸e: Common greetingsDas ABC: The German AlphabetAll About the German  Personal PronounsHow to Tell if a German Word is Masculine, Feminine, or NeuterLearning the German Verbs Haben  (to have) and  Sein  (to be)German verbs in the present tenseCommon adjectives and colors How to Stay on Track and Get Motivated Programs like  Memrise  and  Duolingo  can help you stay on track and make your vocabulary learning as efficient as possible. With Memrise, while you could use one of the ready-made courses, I strongly recommend that you create your own course. Keep the levels manageable  with approximately 25 words each.  Tip: If you are better at setting goals than you are at following through (and who isnt?), try the motivational platform  stickk.com.

Electronic Health Records Breaches Within Security

Tracey M Wright ENG 1101 Benjamin Kolenda December 1, 2014 Electronic Health Records Breaches in Security Research Focus Working in the medical field with Electronic Health Records, a lot of my responsibilities are reliant on Health Insurance Portability and Accountability (HIPPA) compliance, EHR updates and template building. EHR breaches in security is a constant concern in this age of modern and sophisticated technology. With recent security breaches of major corporations, this has caused technology experts to heighten its security encryptions to prevent further breaches. The increasing concern over the security of health information stems from the rise of EHRs, increased use of mobile devices such as the smartphone, medical identity theft, and the widely anticipated exchange of data between and among organizations, clinicians, federal agencies, and patients. If patients’ trust is undermined, they may not be forthright with the physician. For the patient to trust the clinician, records in the office must be protected. Having the knowledge of how these security breaches are on t he rise increases my awareness on the security protection of the health records. Previous Research As with any online digital format, concerns of breach exist. Internet hackers possess a digital power that frightens individuals looking to conceal sensitive data. There have been cases in which medical information has been accessed by unauthorized users. While this does not occur all too frequently,Show MoreRelatedInformation Governance : The Center Of The Healthcare Industry1488 Words   |  6 Pagesinformation is handled (Hutchinson Sharples, 2006). IG includes the protection of data, personal health records (PHR), electronic health records (EHR), and medical information exchanged via telemedicine. Breaches of personal information have been occurring more often and the time for information governance is indeed now. 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Marketing Management- Marketing Plan Free Essays

This plan is designed to report the external and internal factors that will influence the company’s success in Haiti market. The topics covers in this plan include situation analysis, marketing strategy, tactical programs, implementation and budgets in carrying out the marketing activities which differentiate the business and product offering from our competitor and marketing strategy that drive the business to earn above average profit. 3 Company Summary 3. We will write a custom essay sample on Marketing Management- Marketing Plan or any similar topic only for you Order Now 1 Company Overview Seoul-Roy is a Haiti based restaurant serving Korean cuisine, the name Seoul-Roy is easy to remember and easy to pronounce. Seoul reflects the theme of the restaurant for serving Korean cuisine which is a famous destination in Korea, a megabits with a population of over 10 million and a leading global city in the world. Furthermore, â€Å"ROY’ means â€Å"Delicious† in southern Thai dialects, to have a name meaning â€Å"Delicious Seoul†, conveyed the message that the restaurant having very high standard food. The restaurant name Seoul-Roy will surely leave an impressive memory in potential customer first impression that will attract the customer to visit the restaurant for the first time. Seoul-Roy will be operating seven days a week inclusive public holiday in operation 365 days throughout the year to ensure that customers have the opportunity to enjoy our delicious whenever they feel like it. Seoul-Roy is a medium size restaurant enhanced with cozy, comfy, friendly, and appetite tempting atmosphere for patrons through its modern contemporary casual dining style to unearth the feeling of refreshing and energize to dinners. The facility will be divided into indoor area for customer that is seeking cool comfy ambient and outdoor area for customer seeking a breath of fresh air. The cafà © will feature seating for approximately 100 patrons, desert bar, water fountain and liquor bar. 3. 2 Location This restaurant is planned to be situated at the empty land on Outthinking Road, n Clonk Rein area which is approximately 500 m from Tests and Prince of Songbook University. With hundred and thousand of local resident, university student and shoppers from other suburb visiting this area on everyday basis, it does instigate this area to be the perfect sites in town. Page | 2 Heretofore, I nonviolent Road Is one AT ten major connector Detente ten roads on the external circuit to the Haiti city which have high traffic concentration. In spite of this, there is ample parking space along the road that makes it handy for by passer to stop for dine in and appear to be a profit potential site. Moreover, the rent in this area is much cheaper comparing to the retail shops in major shopping complex such as Tests, Big C, Lee Garden Plaza and Central. 3. 3 2. Objective The objective to startup Seoul-Roy includes the following: A. B. C. D. E. Become premier food franchise serving fusion of Korean food and Thai Food. Provide highest quality fresh and delicious food. Ensure that every prospect in promoting â€Å"Seoul-Roy’ brand are explore and implement. Maintain and expand every possibility to achieve outstanding reputations. Create an ideal working environment for employee in promoting good communication and great team work. F. Achieving profitable i nvestment return between 4-6 years. G. Achieving total daily customers of 7,000 patrons/month by the end of second year of operation. The objectives of marketing activities include: 0 To introduce Korean Cuisine to Haiti community and Songbook Province area. 0 To attract 50% of the target market and forecast potential customer. 0 To be perceived as the cleanest restaurant in the region. 0 To be perceived as restaurant serve delicious, quality, and tasty Korean cuisine in the region. 3. 4 2. 2 Vision and Mission Seoul-Roy mission is to bring to the market finest, freshest, and tastiest Fusion Korean cuisine that is inspired by a combination of Korean and Thai cuisine in the Haiti. In conjunction to Seoul-Roy high standards of quality and cleanliness will ascertain Seoul-Roy growth into a reputable premier Korean cuisine in Haiti. The mission of Seoul-Roy includes the following: Page | 3 To bring to the market finest, freshest, and tastiest Korean cuisine. To ensure that all foods are serves to its highest level of freshness, nutrition, and gastronomic. To ensure that all order are serve with efficiency and effectiveness. The value proposition that the target market will pay for this 50% premium price is the superior customer service experience and high quality Korean cuisine. The company will ensure that the restaurant is always has a clear proposition of the claimed benefit for the services and products. In this, the company will always monitor the quality of the food produce to Page | 4 Seoul-Roy marketing Plan ensure mouth watering experience is offered to the customer and consistently advertise on the value proposition of the restaurant through advertising media. Situation Analysis Situation analysis involves evaluating the situation and trends in of Korean Cuisine in Haiti City which defines and interprets the state of the environment of the organization. A situation analysis provides the context and knowledge for planning and achieve above average profit for the organization. The analysis describes Seoul- Roy competitive position, internal environment, external environment and critical issues. In portraying a clearer understanding of the situation of Korean Cuisine industry in Haiti, the report further outline SOOT (Strength, Weakness, Opportunities and Threats) analysis of the organization. The situation analysis includes in this marketing plan includes: 0 0 0 External Environment Internal Environment SOOT Analysis 5. 1 External Environment The external environment affects firm growth and profitability which also a condition that creates threats and opportunities for firms that have major effects on organization strategic actions. The organization understands of external environment coupling Walt Knowledge on Internal environment Tort Its villous to develop Its mission and to take actions that result in strategic competitiveness and above- average returns. As shown in Figure 1, an organization’s external environment is divided into three major areas which include the general, industry environment and competitor environment. The general environment is composed of dimension of broader society that influences an industry. As a result of this, the economic and population growth of Haiti will increase very rapidly. An increase people migrating to Haiti City coupling with vivid economic outlook of the city, it is righteous decision in investing in food business in Haiti City. Economic growth and population growth nutrient to better population income and demand for food as basic needs of life, therefore investing in Seoul-Roy will prove to be a successful investment. 5. 1. 1. 3 Socio-cultural Over the past decade, Korean Wave started to sweep across Asia country. The wave started with the popularity of Korean drama, Korean Language, Korean Cuisines and Handbook, the traditional Korean dress. CNN describe this phenomenon as kind of a syndrome where Asian people love to enjoy Korean stuffs. The Korean wave in Thailand got underway back in 2005 with â€Å"Dad]engaged†, a sop opera about the first female royal physician of Koreans Jones dynasty. The series gave Thailand a taste for traditional Korean culture, including Korean court cuisine and traditional medicine. Inevitably, Korean cuisine became popular and Korean culture started getting attention. As increasing growth of Korean Wave sweeping across Asia region and Thailand in particular, the startup of Korean Cuisine in Haiti which in the fourth densest city in Thailand will prove to be successful investment. 5. 1. 1. 4 laconically The increasing growth of electronic ordering system in the hospitality industry to increase employee efficiency and effectiveness has exerted a technological stress on he new establishing restaurant. Seoul will adopt ‘Gourmet Restaurant Management system standard, optional and hardware modules to manage the smooth flow of restaurant operation, promotion activities, member service and inventory management. The adoption of gourmets will enable Seoul-Roy to manage it cost effectively, carry out promotion activities smoothly and service member efficiently. 5. 1. Competitor Environment Hatchway’s Korean Cuisine industry is still emerging, there is only one competitor in the market, Domino located in Diana shopping complex which serve Korean BBC cuisine. Of course there will be minor modification on the taste of the food to suite Thai culture appetite or definition of delicious food. In spite of this there are many competitor in the market if considering Thailand as a whole, this competitor includes: 0 0 0 0 0 Hanging restaurant Sang Goon Restaurant Slang BBC Buffet Drum Restaurant Adored @ Korean Town 5. 1. Industry Environment Although there is only one establishment providing the similar service to the market in Haiti, it is important that Seoul-Roy is establish soonest possible to be the market leader in this region before any competitors enter the market. In Haiti city, the Korean Wave Syndrome has Just sweep the communities, It is essential that this company is born in nearby future in ensuring company market competitiveness. 5. 2 Internal Environment Resources, capabilities and core competencies create the foundation of competitive advantage. Resource can be classified into two main categories include tangible and intangible resource, it have to cover spectrum of individual, social and organization to Wylye competitive advantage. Capableness exalts when resources nave Eden purposely integrated to achieve a specific task or set of tasks. Capabilities are often based on developing, carrying, and exchanging information and knowledge through people in an organization. Core competencies are capabilities that serve as a source of competitive advantage for an individual or organization over its competitors. 5. 2. 1 Resource Resources consist of two components, one is tangible and the other is intangible. As the company is currently in the preliminary planning stage, the company only have tangible asset of Baht 20,000,000. The intangible asset consists of the knowledge and management capabilities. Furthermore, the company group of people possesses period innovation, interest and passion in the Korean food. Although in the initial establishing stage the company has to hire a professional chef from Korea in designing the menu, Seoul-Roy management personal inclusive the chairman of the company will continuing learn the technique of Korean Cuisine culinary skill in mitigating these threats of skill impotency and dependence on external resource. Page | 9 5. 2. Capabilities Although the company is currently in the preliminary planning stage, the capabilities that the company possesses include: 0 Management Information System The many possesses effective and efficient data collection and information management system that will surely increase the effectiveness and efficiency of the company staff. Management The company has the ability to envision the future of Korean Cuisine in Haiti city, background in business management, years of experience in hospitality industry and information technology will be a competitive advantage in managing the company effectively. 5. 3 SOOT Analysts Strength 0 0 0 0 0 0 Seoul-Roy exterior is tidy and clean. Food price are delicious and tasty. Offer a good choice of menu variation. Knowledge in Business Management. Seoul-Roy employs well-trained staff. Financial resource Weakness 0 Seoul-Roy is newly established in the market. 0 Low profit margin. 0 Absence of important skills. 0 Management. Opportunities 0 Growth in Haiti population. 0 Increasing influence of Korean Wave in Thailand. 0 Haiti as centre of economics and tourism in Southern Region. 0 Economy growth of Haiti ensures long-term profitability. Threats 0 Stable of political unrest in Southern region. 0 Decreasing influence of Korean Wave. 0 Economy down-turn of Haiti city. How to cite Marketing Management- Marketing Plan, Essays

Managerial Business Plan Of Crystal Pierson Essays -

Managerial Business Plan Of Crystal Pierson Topic Selection for a Managerial Business Plan Crystal Pierson MGT/583.1 Workshop I Eric Brown 16 February, 2000 In an era where everything, including the S&P index revolves around technology, manual or labor intensive operations cannot survive. Technological advancements range from nuclear science/medicine to new ways of preparing food. To see a manual typewriter in an office seems extremely antiquated and laborious. Technology today compared to a hundred years ago moves at lightening speed, especially the computer industry. With Bill Gates a household name, it seems foolish not to jump on the band wagon and take advantage of this technological craze. Sending faxes from a beach, talking to your Mother two thousand miles away on a telephone not bigger than a business card or when out and about your personal or business telephone forwards to your pager or cell phone, now that's advancement. Just as microwave ovens are items that every home and office must have, so are computers and computer training. With technology moving as swift, one can hardly keep up the latest software version or piece of hardware, for that matter. Training on and access to the software and equipment suddenly created a market. Companies such as Exec-U-Train offers training on the latest equipment and software available on the market today. They also offer help services via the telephone with technicians available to walk through most types of problems. The problem identified as not having enough companies to sufficiently keep companies and their employees and/or individuals alike up to date on the latest technology in desired areas. The objective shall be to develop a company that offers the opportunity to train on state-of-the-art equipment and/or receive one-on-one instruction if the need arises, at your office, in your home or on site in our office. The company plans to offer personal and customized plans to fit many budget ranges and within all age ranges Business

Proper Nouns in English Grammar

Proper Nouns in English Grammar In English grammar, a  proper noun is a  noun belonging to the class of words used as names for specific or  unique individuals, events, or places, and may include real or fictional characters and settings. Unlike common nouns, which make up the vast majority of nouns in English, most proper nouns like Fred, New York, Mars, and Coca-Cola begin with a  capital letter. They may also be referred to as proper names for their function of naming specific things. Proper nouns are not typically  preceded by articles or other determiners, but there are numerous exceptions such as The Bronx or The Fourth of July. Furthermore, most proper nouns are singular, but again there are exceptions as in The United States and The Joneses. How Common Nouns Become Proper Oftentimes common nouns like river combine with the name of a specific person, location, or thing to form a proper noun phrase, such as the Colorado River or the Grand Canyon. When writing such a proper noun, it is correct to capitalize both when mentioned together, but also correct to repeat the common noun alone later in reference to the original proper noun while leaving the common one lowercase. In the example of the Colorado River, for instance, it would later be correct to refer to it as simply the river, if the writer has not mentioned another river. The primary difference between proper and common nouns stems from the uniqueness of reference for proper nouns wherein common nouns do not specifically reference any one particular person, place, or thing but rather the collective understanding of all of the persons, places, or things associated with the word. In that way, common nouns can become proper if they are colloquially used to specify one unique person, place, or thing. Take for instance the Colorado River, which runs through the center of Austin, Texas, and locals have taken to just calling the River. This common noun becomes a proper one because, in the geographic region of Austin, its used to name one specific river. The Lighter Side of Proper Nouns Many great authors have used the idea of capitalizing common nouns and making them proper to characterize specific inanimate objects or take a concept like Great Places and make them into a physical place in a fictional world. In Dr. Seuss Oh! The Places Youll Go! author Theodor Geisel makes the common unique, forming proper nouns to characterize and create fictional worlds for his zany characters to inhabit. Be your name Buxbaum or Bixby or Bray / or Mordecai Ali Van Allen O-Shea, he offers, youre off to Great Places! // Today is your day! J. R. R. Tolkien personifies a simple gold ring in his epic trilogy The Lord of the Rings, wherein he always capitalized the Ring, signifying it as a specific, proper noun because it is the One Ring to Rule Them All.   On the other hand, famed poet e. e. cummings (note the lack of capitalization) never capitalizes anything at all, including names and places and even the beginning of sentences, signaling the writers disregard for the concept of proper nouns entirely.

Law of Evidence for Forensic Scientists Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4250 words

Law of Evidence for Forensic Scientists - Essay Example Based on this research the defendant insured the plaintiff against loss and damage to his jewellery and property. In the insurance agreement, two notable exceptions were given by the defendant in the insurance contract: loss of jewellery to employees [or servants who worked in his premises] through dishonesty and breakage of antiques and chinas. The agreement made it clear that if any of these two incidents were to occur, the defendant would be free from any insurance payments. A robbery occurred at the plaintiff's premises and a safe was broken into and valuable jewels were stolen. The plaintiff had two employees, Mason and Brown. Mason had a group of friends who were members of a gang that was skilled in breaking into any safe. With knowledge of Mason's acquaintances, the defendant refused to pay the claims for insurance. They argued that Mason was a suspect and there was a big chance that he was involved in the robbery. The plaintiff argued against this position of the defendant. He stated that the burden of proof was on the defendant. This is because the defendant was alleging that Mason was part of the robbery and due to that, it was his responsibility to proof how he knew Mason was part of the theft. The defendant also argued that it is logical and obvious that Mason was involved in the robbery because his associates had insider information and could easily break into the plaintiff's premises and steal the jewels. ... The defendant also argued that it is logical and obvious that Mason was involved in the robbery because his associates had insider information and could easily break into the plaintiff's premises and steal the jewels. They went far to turn in evidence of Mason's character of a deviant. The circumstances showed clearly that the defendant had a strong point because Mason was likely to have brought in third parties to steal from his employers. Thus, both parties had a good case. The argument was who had the onus probandi to determine the facts of the situation at hand. The judge held that it was impossible to place the onus on the defendant. This is because the defendant is not the one who brought the case to court. It is the defendant who has been accused. There is therefore the need for some kind of evidence to be presented to show that he was liable to prosecution. The judge rendered the evidence presented by the defendant inadmissible and stated that in a criminal proceeding, such e vidence of the character of a party would lead to prejudice on the part of the judge. Thus, the plaintiff presented the contract for the insurance. The terms were read as the first form of evidence. The judge went through the case and identified the terms of the insurance contract and identified that there was a legal relationship between the defendant and the plaintiff. However, the plaintiff presented the contract for the insurance and indicated that the defendant was responsible to indemnify the loss. The judge insisted that the plaintiff showed evidence that the theft was of the nature that made the defendant liable to pay the insurance claims. In other words, the plaintiff had to turn

Mergers, Acquisitions, and International Strategies Research Paper

Mergers, Acquisitions, and International Strategies - Research Paper Example The second company is selected on the merit that it is a public corporation with no history of mergers and acquisition and it operates solely within the United States market; the company that was selected under this merit is the Buffalo Wild Wings. The researcher paper will evaluate the strategy that led to the mergers and acquisitions undertaken by McDonald’s Corporation and it will stipulate whether the mergers and acquisitions were wise choices. In addition, the research paper will evaluate McDonald Corporation’s international business-level strategy and corporate-level strategy and then provide recommendations for improvements. Secondly, the research paper will identify one company that would be a profitable candidate for Buffalo Wild Wings to merge with or acquire. Lastly, the paper will propose one business-level strategy and one corporate-level strategy that can be effective and profitable for Buffalo Wild Wings. McDonald’s Corporation According to Warwick (2013), McDonald Corporation is the largest publicly traded hamburger fast food restaurant chain in the world, which serves averagely 60 million customers in over 115 countries across the world on a daily basis. The McDonald brothers originally started the company in 1940 but it was fully acquired by Ray Kroc who joined the company as a franchise agent in 1955, and this marked the first experience of the company with mergers and acquisitions. Among the companies that the McDonald Corporation has acquired or merged within its years of operations, including the Piles Cafe, Chipotle Mexican Grill, and Donatos Pizza but it has sold off the two latter subsidiaries (Warwick, 2013). The McDonald’s restaurants offer a wide menu to their customers, which consist of French fries, hamburgers, chicken, cheeseburgers, soft drinks, breakfast items, desserts, milkshakes, fruits, smoothies, wraps, salads, and fish. Presently, the company boasts of total assets worth over $32 billion and tot al revenue of over $27 billion and a net income of over $ 5 billion in the past financial year. Buffalo Wild Wings Warwick (2013) wrote that Scott Lowery and James Disbrow opened up the first Buffalo Wild Wings restaurant in 1982 at Columbus, Ohio. As of 2013, the Buffalo Wild Wings restaurant chain, which trades at the NASDAQ, had established its operations in approximately 910 locations mostly in North America and currently, there are ongoing talks about the expansion of the restaurant chain. The menu of Buffalo Wild Wings restaurants mainly consists of Buffalo wings and sauces. In the last financial year, the company generated $748 million in revenues from across its entire business operations. Strategy for McDonald’s mergers and acquisitions According to Warwick (2013), McDonald’s boosts of more than 34,000 locations worldwide and this has been facilitated by the franchising strategy that has so far enabled the corporation to have representation in many countries a nd further enabling it to become among the most popular brands in the world. Besides the franchising strategy, McDonald’s has been able to have a wide market presence because of acquisitions and mergers with other restaurant chains. Concerning this Warwick (2013) stated that McDonald’s undertook various mergers and acquisitions deals during the 1990’s which enabled it to significantly increase its market share, revenue level, and the net income.

Symbolism and Use of Water in Religion

Symbolism and Use of Water in Religion Question Title: On the element of your choice and the agency of that element. Water and its Purification and Curative Function Christianity and Bathing in Early Medieval Italy This paper analyses the natural element water and its purification and curative function, in the context of Christianity and bathing activity, in early medieval Italy, approximately between the fifth and the seventh centuries. The paper starts by tracing the qualities of water as an element in nature, and how the Italian society responded and produced social and cultural value. The next section examines water as a spiritual purifier in Christianity, with reference of works of medieval art. Lastly, the curative function of water is analyzed with the study of bathing activity in medieval Italy. In this section, the development of bathing from the Roman world to medieval Italy is also analyzed with the continuity of the discussion of Christianity and how it affected the peoples preference in bathing as well as their perception of water. Nature, Society and Culture of Water Among the four classical elements, water was regarded as the ylem, or basic substance of the universe.[1] Water is pervasively and powerfully presented within Western philosophical, literary, and geographical thought. Thales, who is widely regarded as the first Greek philosopher, claimed that water is the source of all things. Reasoned from the circumstance that moisture appears to nurture and inhabit all living things, Thales claimed that such wetness is contained in seeds and sperm, making water as the progenitor-agents of much life.[2] Such philosophical explanation can be supported by the nature of water. Not only it is obvious that the survival and growth of plants, animals, and people largely depends on water; the fact that babies are nurtured inside and protected by amniotic fluid before birth, suggests how particularly close and harmonious the relationship of the people and water is. The way how water was integrated into daily life and contributed to the civilization in early medieval society is particularly irreplaceable when compared to the other three elements fire, earth and air. Domestic usage of water, bathing, irrigation and drainage, fishing, milling and transport all receive full benefit from water.[3] The social and economic values of water can be showed by the scenes of the cities developed upon good sources of water, the numerous sanctuaries built near springs and rivers, and the gathering of women and men at fountains and wells. Water, as an essential element for any community, was not only a resource upon which people relied heavily, but also an element which largely produced philosophical and cultural reactions, which ultimately the Etymologies written by Isidore of Seville in the early seventh century was one of these. Isidore of Seville remarked that water is wondrous by its numerous unusual natural properties curing or sickening people, making plants grow, washing dirt off, quenching thirst, and even removing sins.[4] The natural element water imbued imaginations, associations and cultural values which step forward from its initial nature and practical function. Largely due to the natural function of cleansing and nurturing of water, people associate water with the power of healing and purification. For example, the health of a human body depends on medieval humors, which is the balance of water and the other three elements. Baths, spas, and hot springs were popular not only for the purpose of hygiene and relaxation, but also due to their belief in the benefit of bathing to their physical and spiritual health. The purifying and curative power of water as well as bath was certainly strengthened by the religious association of Christianity. Christianity and Purification of Water Water, as a friendly, useful and tangible element in the Middle Ages, is easily associated with positive qualities in most religions, including Christianity, which water is considered as a purifier. The importance of water in Christianity is interestingly expressed by the fact that water is mentioned in the Bible 442 times in the New International Version and 363 times in the King James Version.[5] One of the most important rite in the Church is baptism, which by the immersion of a person in water, one receive gift of the Holy Spirt and ones sins is simply washed away. The initiates died and were reborn in Christ in baptism.[6] This is when the element water is greatly associated with purification as well as the religious sense of death and rebirth, which is expressed in works of Medieval art, which can be viewed as Christian art in the early Middle Ages. Analyzing a baptistery in real life, the Baptistery of the Orthodox in Ravenna in Italy built in the middle of the fifth century (see Fig.1), the function of purification associated with Christianity cannot be more obvious. The sacrament of baptism, we recall, symbolized not only the cleansing of the soul but also the death of the sinful self and the initiates rebirth in Christ. The architectural design of an octagon plan associates with the spiritual resurrection of baptism, as for the context of Early Christian numerology, eight was the number of regeneration on the eighth day after creation the world began; and Jesus arose from the dead on the eighth day of the Passion Cycle.[7] At the center of the octagonal building is the baptismal font used for immersion, which is built like a bath. In such a Christian setting, the water poured inside the baptismal font is sublimated as a wondrous spiritual purifier, demonstrating how much cultural value a natural element water can imbued. Th e illustrations on the walls and dome of the Baptistery of Orthodox is stressing the importance of baptism as the first step in the divine scheme of salvation.[8] The center of the dome depicts the doctrine that Saint John the Baptist is baptizing Christ with water from the Jordan River (see Fig.2). This evokes a sense that the purest form of water which is able to cure and purify ones soul can lie in natural environment like a river, and is not limited to a holy Christian architecture or a luxurious bath. Interestingly the small human figure on the right hand side is a river god who personifies the Jordon River, showing the rich imagination and association with water by the Italians of the early Middle Ages (see Fig.2). Another example is an apse mosaic located not in Italy, but in Thessalonika in Greece, which has a similar background with Ravenna, that both are a former Roman imperial city that became an important Christian capital in the Middle Ages. Despite its location not in Italy, this apse mosaic in a small chapel dated in the early sixth century is worth analyzing as it clearly illustrates the holy quality of the element water in the context of Christianity, which the Christianity in Greece and Italy would not differ much in the early Middle Ages. It depicts the incarnation of Christ the Lord, represented in human form, emanates from a radiant glory (see Fig.3).[9] Below at Crists feet, four rivers of paradise stream down from a hilltop. Ancient tradition held that four sacred rivers symbolized the four Gospels that flow from Christ. An inscription at the bottom of the mosaic explains that Jesus is the spring of living water, clearly evokes association that water would have the holy power like Christ, including curing and purifying. Water is also somehow associated with paradise, which would be the home of Christ and those who had received baptism. Fig.1 Baptistery of the Orthodox, mid-5th century. Stucco sculpture. Ravenna, Italy.[10]     Ã‚   Fig.2 Baptism of Christ, dome of the Baptistery of the Orthodox, mid-5th century. Mosaic. Ravenna, Italy.[11] Fig.3 Christ in Glory, the Vision of Ezekiel, Hosios David, early 6th century. Apse mosaic. Thessalonika, Greece.[12] Bathing and the Curative Power of Water Noted that bathing is not a new habit but a custom that survived in medieval Italy after the Romes demise. Therefore, the custom of bathing in the Roman world is briefly explained as follows. To the Romans, bathing was an irreplaceable part of the daily routine, which created relaxation, happiness, comfort, and well-being after a morning of hard work and business.[13] Bathing is viewed as a necessity as well as luxury, as baths are built with lavish and magnificent interiors, decorated with trophies, inscriptions, and sculpture, which reflected the splendor of the empire and the prosperity.[14] Furthermore, bathing had already gone beyond the functional and hygienic necessities of washing, and had been considered to be able to cleanse physical as well as moral stains.[15] Romans usually exercise before bathing as a means of keeping fit and healthy. The feelings of regeneration and rebirth of the body achieved through exercise and bathing acted as an effective tonic for the mind. Henc e, bathing, from its earliest history, was considered as therapeutic measure and received full support and authority from ancient medicine. Continuing to the Middle Ages of Italy, the habits of bathing was continuously popular. The understanding of bathing as the means of cleansing and hygiene as well as the maintenance or reestablishment of health was apparent. The development is that there was a change in the preference of where and what kind of water to bath. In the Roman world, people prefer bathing in the communal baths that is luxuriously decorated. However, in medieval Italy, with reference to the previous section Christianity and Purification of Water, people tend to define water of purity as from a natural environment, hence they prefer to enjoy therapeutic thermo-mineral baths, that is built at or near natural hot springs, than the artificially heated baths in a luxurious setting. The popularity of thermo-mineral baths in the Middle Ages depends on the curative qualities of their waters. in relation to the balance of elements in the setting all four elements of water, earth, fire, and air tangibly present in a thermos-mineral bath which might help the bodies to achieve a balance between the four medieval humors and hence to achieve health. The nature of the thermal-mineral phenomena of the region and the technical and architectural setups built around them on the volcanic hills were described with great precision by Dio in the early third century: The mountains here, which lie close to the inner bodies of water, have springs which send forth a great deal of fire mingled with water à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ from this association the water is heated and the fire moistened. The water on its way down the foothills to the sea runs into reservoirs and the inhabitants conduct the steam from it through pipes into upper rooms where they use the steam for vapor baths; for the hi gher it ascends from the earth and from the water, the drier it becomes. Costly apparatus is in use for turning both the vapor and water into practical use, and they are very serviceable indeed for the uses of daily life and also for effecting cures.[16] Here we can observe the presence of all classical elements in the setting of a thermo-mineral bath the natural heat of spring is fire mingled with water; the element earth presents as the water passes through the foothills while thermo-mineral baths were built in comparatively rural environment which are rocky and muddy, and some baths even were built directly on top of the Roman ruins; lastly, steam is created, which is a wet and visible form of the element air. Besides, it is also believed the mineral content added to water would produce different curative functions for different illnesses. Concerning the curative effect of mineral water, one could referred to the ancient book written by Vitruvius, a famous Roman author and architect, of the first century BC. Vitruvius devoted an entire chapter in Book Eight to the properties of waters in the ancient world: every hot spring has healing properties because it has been boiled with foreign substances, and this acquires a new useful quality. For example, Sulphur springs cure pains in the sinews, by warming up and burning out the corrupt humors of the body by their heat. Aluminous springs, used in the treatment of the limbs when enfeebled by paralysis or the stroke of any such malady, introduce warmth through the open pores, counteracting the chill by the opposite effect of their heat, and thus equably restoring the limbs to their former condition..[17] Rounding up the qualities of water as a beneficial natural resource contributing to the civilization of the society, a holy spiritual purifier in the Christian context, and an agency that combines with different elements and substances to generate curative function; water seems to be a perfect and completely positive element in the eyes of the medieval Italian society. However, bathing, as an activity which ones body is soaked and surrounded by water faced opposition of the Christian Church interestingly starting from the fifth century. As mentioned, bathing was a luxurious activity in the Roman world, which the Church drew a connection between the devil and the sinful temptations of baths, was against the Christian notion of spirituality. Barsanuphius, a hermit from Palestine, was asked if it was a sin to bathe if it were ordered by ones doctor, then the Church responded: Bathing is not absolutely forbidden to one who needs it of you are ill, you need it; so, it is not a sin. If a man is healthy, it cossets and relaxes the body and conduces to lust.[18] This query illustrates the permissive position taken by the Church with respect to medicinal and curative bathing. Many thermo-mineral baths and other bathing facilities continued to function throughout the Middle Ages. Since medieval medicine depended as much as ancient medicine has done upon hydrotherapy as a preventive and curative measure.[19] The opposition of the Church to bathing in medieval Italy is not an opposition to water. The Church respected the curative function of water, and reduced bathing to a functional, hygienic, and medicinal activity, opposing the component of pleasure and luxury associated with the experience of bathing. This reflected the seriousness of the medieval Italian society in their rational and intellectual reflection of their compact and spiritual relations with natural elements like water. Bibliography By Wikipedians, Biochemistry: An Introduction (PediaPress GmbH, Mainz, 2011) Cynthia Kosso and Anne Scott, The Nature and Function of Water, Baths, Bathing and Hygiene from Antiquity through the Renaissance (Brill) David Macauley, Elemental philosophy: earth, air, fire, and water as environmental ideas (Albany: State University of New York Press, 2010). Dio Cassius, Roman History (trans. Cary Earnest) http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/e/roman/texts/cassius_dio/home.html> [accessed 8 March 2017] Douglas Biow, The Culture of Cleanliness in Renaissance Italy (London: Cornell University Press, 2006) Fikret Yegà ¼l, Baths and Bathing in Classical Antiquity (New York: Architectural History Foundation, 1995) Marilyn Stokstad, Medieval Art (Colorado: Westview Press, 2004) Paolo Squatriti, Water and society in early medieval Italy, AD 400-1000 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998) Vitruvius (trans Morris Hicky Morgan) http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.02.0073:book%3D8:chapter%3D3:section%3D4> [accessed 8 March 2017] [1] By Wikipedians, Biochemistry: An Introduction (PediaPress GmbH, Mainz, 2011), p.62. [2] David Macauley, Elemental philosophy: earth, air, fire, and water as environmental ideas (Albany: State University of New York Press, 2010), p.43. [3] Cynthia Kosso and Anne Scott, The Nature and Function of Water, Baths, Bathing and Hygiene from Antiquity through the Renaissance (Brill), p.2. [4] Paolo Squatriti, Water and society in early medieval Italy, AD 400-1000 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998), p.8-9. [5] By Wikipedians, p.62. [6] Marilyn Stokstad, Medieval Art (Colorado: Westview Press, 2004), p.5. [7] Marilyn Stokstad, p.41 [8] Marilyn Stokstad, p.41. [9] Marilyn Stokstad, p.43. [10] Image from Starvin Artist, History of Architecture 2, Pinterest https://www.pinterest.com/pin/251779435388066516/> [accessed 8 March 2017] [11] Image from Neonian Baptistery, Ravenna, Sacred Destinations http://www.sacred-destinations.com/italy/ravenna-battistero-neoniano> [accessed 8 March 2017] [12] Image from The Vision of Prophet Ezekiel, Macedonian Heritage http://www.macedonian-heritage.gr/HellenicMacedonia/en/img_C235a.html> [accessed 8 March 2017] [13] Fikret Yegà ¼l, p.4. [14] Douglas Biow, The Culture of Cleanliness in Renaissance Italy (London: Cornell University Press, 2006), p.4. [15] Fikret Yegà ¼l, Baths and Bathing in Classical Antiquity (New York: Architectural History Foundation, 1995), p.5. [16] Dio Cassius, Roman History (trans. Cary Earnest), 48, 51 ff. http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/e/roman/texts/cassius_dio/home.html> [accessed 8 March 2017] Fikret Yegà ¼l, p.4. [17] Vitruvius (trans Morris Hicky Morgan), 8, 3, 4. http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.02.0073:book%3D8:chapter%3D3:section%3D4> [accessed 8 March 2017] [18] Barsanuphius, 336 (ed. S. N. Schoinas, Volos, 1960); A.H.M. Jones, LRE, II, 977; III, 328. [19] Fikret Yegà ¼l, P.317.

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Huntington’s disease is an autosomal dominant (Harper et al, 1991) neurodegenerative disorder characterized by involuntary movements, cognitive loss, and psychiatric problems as described by Martin and Gusella (1986). These symptoms are related to the death of medium spiny projection neurons in the caudate nucleus, putamen, and the cortex (Reiner et al, 1988). In later stages of the disease, even areas such as the hippocampus and hypothalamus gets affected as well (Kassubek et al, 2004). Huntington’s disease has a prevalence rate of approximately 1 in 10,000 Caucasian populations (Harper et al, 1991).Patients with Huntington’s disease most typically display a choreic movement disorder involving involuntary writhing movements observed by George Huntington himself. The age of onset of Huntington’s disease seem to be normally distributed around the average age of 35 to 42, with small number of cases developing in patients younger than 20 years of age or older than 60 years of age (Andrew et al, 1993). The majority of juvenile patients, whose disease onset are at age 20 years or less, have inherited the paternally defected gene (Andrew et al, 1993).Patients usually died within 15 to 20 years of disease onset. Gusella et al (1983) first determined the location of the genetic mutation in Huntington’s disease to be the short arm of chromosome 4. It was after another 10 years did the researchers of The Huntington’s Disease Collaborative Research Group (1993) able to discover that a gene in chromosome 4 containing a trinucleotide repeat of CAG was abnormally expanded in diseased individuals. The IT15 (interesting transcript 15) gene, dubbed the huntingtin gene by the group, codes for the huntingtin gene.This CAG repeat, which translates into a poly-glutamine stretch, is highly polymorphic among the population ranging from 11 to 34 copies on normal individuals. However, in individuals with Huntington’s disease it expanded to more than 42 repeats and increasing to upwards of 100 (The Huntington’s Disease Collaborative Research Group, 1993). This provides evidence showing that the mutant huntingtin protein seems to be toxic to its native cells and confers a disease state to individuals with an extended length of repeats. There is also a correlation between the CAG length and disease onset as shown by Andrew et al (1993).The mutated elongated huntingtin protein is cut by enzymes into fragments and the fragments begin to form abnormal clusters, neuronal intranuclear inclusions (NIIs), inside cells. These clusters can also act to recruit normal proteins to adhere together as well (Davies et al, 1997). This was originally thought to cause the pathogenesis of Huntington’s disease. However, more recent studies have shown that the presence of NIIs is actually a coping response to the toxicity of mutant huntingtin proteins and acts to prolong the life of the cells and reduce intracellular mutant huntingtin in neighbouring neurons (Arrasate et al, 2004).The exact function of the wild-type huntingtin protein are unclear, however many efforts have been made in understanding its native functions. Nasir et al (1995) showed that homozygous huntingtin homologs in mice died before embryogenesis could occur and that heterozygotes displayed similar deficits as diseased human patients. Wild-type huntingtin is also crucial for establishing and maintaining neuronal identity, especially in cortex and striatum (Reiner et al, 2001).Current data can provide the conclusion that normal huntingtin protein has actions important for development in mammals. In vitro, wild-type huntingtin have been shown to act to protect brain cells from apoptotic stimuli, such as serum deprivation, mitochondrial toxins, or the transfection of death genes (Cattaneo et al, 2005). Wild-type huntingtin protein, not mutated, stimulates brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) production by acting at level of Bdnf tra nscription. BDNF is very important for survival of striatal neurons (Cattaneo et al, 2005).Intracellularly, huntingtin protein has been found to associate with various organelles such as the nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum, and Golgi complex (Cattaneo et al, 2005). It has also been found in neurites and at synapses, where it associates with vesicular structures and microtubules (Li et al, 2003). This characteristic has been shown to enhance vesicular transport of BDNF along microtubules (Gauthier et al, 2004). On a similar note, huntingtin interacts with a number of cytoskeletal and synaptic vesicle proteins that are essential for exo- and endocytosis at synaptic terminals.Wild-type huntingtin binds directly to the Src homology 3 domain of postsynaptic density protein 95, which binds NMDA and kainite receptors. This activity is decreased in mutant proteins and can lead to overactivation or sensitization of NMDA receptors (Cattaneo et al, 2005). Aside from the toxicity of the mutated huntingtin protein, the loss of normal huntingtin protein also seems to add to the pathogenesis of Huntington’s disease. Presence of only mutant huntingtin protein results in massive apoptotic cell death in the testes of male mice (Leavitt, 2001).However, no apoptosis can be seen in testes of mice expressing human mutant huntingtin when wild-type huntingtin is expressed as well (Leavitt, 2001). It was also seen that in mice, the absence of wild-type huntingtin protein led to a worsening of striatal atrophy and neuronal loss, and a significant decrease in neuronal cross-sectional area compared to mice that had wild-type huntingtin present (Cattaneo et al, 2005). Huntington’s disease still remains incurable to this day. However, many treatments are available for treatments of its symptoms.Chorea, the hallmark of the disease is a major target for many treatments. Such drugs include dopamine-depleting agents, dopamine antagonists, benzodiazepines, glutamate antagonists, ac etylcholinesterase inhibitors, dopamine agonists, antiseizure medications, cannabinoids, lithium, deep brain stimulation and fetal cell transplantation (Frank and Jankovic, 2010). One notable drug currently in use is Tetrabenazine, which is the only US FDA-approved drug for treatment of Huntington’s disease (Frank and Jankovic, 2010).The drug acts by reversibly inhibiting the central vesicular monoamine transporter type 2, this cause a depletion of dopamine (Bagchi, 1983). The main area of effect for tetrabenazine is in the caudate nucleus, putamen, and the nucleus accumbens, all areas known to be responsible for the major pathology of the disease. The Huntington Study Group (2006) was able to demonstrate the efficacy of tetrabenazine in a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Subjects who received tetrabenazine showed a change from the baseline in the maximal chorea score of the UHDRS.Compared to the baseline, treatment resulted in a reduction of 5. 0 units in chorea compa red with a 1. 5 unit reduction for the placebo group. A second symptom targeted for treatment to allow patients to function normally is the psychiatric problems. Dopamine receptor blocking agents are commonly used as anti-psychotics in order to treat psychosis associated with Huntington’s disease (Frank and Jankovic, 2010). There are many ethical issues that have been associated with Huntington’s disease patients, in particular pertaining to the application of genetic testing.The expanded CAG repeats associated with Huntington’s disease (Gusella et al, 1983) are used as a predictive testing to determine the risk of a person for developing inherited HD gene. The debate of ethics with respect to genetic testing for Huntington’s disease seems to lie on several major factors including: autonomy, beneficence, confidentiality, and justice (Huggins et al, 1990). The question remains whether or not the current use of genetic predictive testing is ethical. Autonom y refers to the respect for the individual’s right to make an informed decision about an action that may have a profound effect on his or her life.The patients should feel no pressure from physicians or institutions with regards to their decision for genetic testing. Also, they should also have a full understanding of the consequences and implications of their decisions. This would require physicians to provide all the necessary information to the patients so that they are informed about the testing. If a woman refuses to get tests done for her baby even though her relatives are with her insisting on getting it performed, the physician cannot allow the testing to be performed.Beneficience is summarized by the phrase â€Å"first do no harm† (Huggins et al, 1990). This is an important factor when the results of the test may reveal genetic information about oneself. This implies not only avoiding harm to patient but also preventing harm to other individuals, which may inc lude family members of patients. Due to the genetic characteristics of Huntington’s disease, family members can be both directly and indirection influenced by the results of the test.If for example a pregnant woman decides to get an ultra sound for her baby in order to find out if the baby has spina bifida, and upon confirmation by the physician decides that she wants to give birth at home as opposed to in a hospital where the baby could be treated correctly in order to minimize the risk of the disease. The physician should take any action he can in order to avoid any risk to the health of the baby. Confidentiality with genetic tests applies the same as with any other form of personal information. It should not be disclosed to any other third parties, which includes family members as well.For example, if two siblings were to go and receive a CAG repeat test at the same time and one sibling asks the physician about the results of the other sibling. The physician cannot disclos e any information or they will violate the confidentiality of the patient. Justice simply means equal access to health services and information to all. This also includes long-term support and guidelines for testing as a medical service so that the service is not difficult to obtain if needed. For example, even though Cystic Fibrosis is mostly only prominent in Caucasians, the testing should still be offered to regnant women of other ethnicities as well. Other ethical dilemmas still exist with current genetic testing technologies. One particularly pertaining to Huntington’s disease is whether or not the information is obtained even though there is no cure for the disease. In diseases such as phenylketonuria (PKU), after newborn screening, dietary interventions will allow the individuals with the condition to lead healthy and normal lives (Lea et al, 2005). However, for Huntington’s disease, even after knowing that the disease will affect the individual what can be done ?Therefore, would it be better to not know at all? By testing and finding out that an individual has the mutation that will eventually lead to the development of Huntington’s disease, the individual can attend to the initial development of symptoms and as a result may be treated much earlier. This can result in a more favourable prognosis. Similarly, the individual can live more cautiously as to prevent further exacerbation of their condition. On a more subjective level, the individual may use the knowledge to live a more fulfilling life knowing that he or she may not live as long as the rest of the population.Conversely, the information can also be used negatively. There can be a lot of discrimination in terms of applying for employment and health insurance. This information would also impact the ambition and life goals of the individual, the amount of psychological harm that comes with eventually developing an incurable and lethal neurodegenerative disease is extremely larg e. Similarly, would they still pursue to have a family and children if they knew that they had a very high risk of dying at a young age? This particular issue should be resolved by following the ethical factors listed before.As long as the individual is informed, are being prevented from harm, information not shared with any third party members, and has access to healthcare services, then being tested for Huntington’s disease will be ethically correct. This knowledge will give them insight on how to live the rest of their life. Another dilemma that has Harper, P. S. , Morris, M. J. , Quarrell, O. , Shaw, D. J. , Tyler, A. , and Youngman, S. (1991). The epidemiology of Huntington’s disease. J. Med. Genet. 89: 365-376. Martin, J. B. , and Gusella, J. K. (1986).Huntington’s disease: pathogenesis and management. N. Engl. J. Med. 315: 1267-1276. Andrew, S. E. , Goldberg, Y. P. , Kremer, B. , Telenius, H. , Theilmann, J. , Adamn, S. , Starr, E. , Squitieri, F. , Lin, B. , Kalchman, M. A. , Graham, R. K. , and Hayden, M. R. (1993). The relationship between trinucleotide (CAG) repeat length and clinical features of Huntington’s disease. Nat Genet. 4: 398-403. The Huntington’s Disease Collaborative Research Group (1993). A novel gene containing a trinucleotide repeat that is expanded and unstable on Huntington’s disease chromosomes.Cell. 72: 971-983. Gusella, J. F. , Wexler, N. S. , Coneally, P. M. , Naylor, S. L. , Anderson, M. A. , Tanzi, R. E. , Watkins, P. C. , Ottina, K. , Wallace, M. R. , Sakaguchi, Y. A. , et al. (1983). A polymorphic DNA marker genetically linked to Huntington’s disease. Nature. 306: 234-238. Reiner, A. , Albin, R. L. , Anderson, K. D. , D’Amato, C. J. , Penney, J. B. , and Young, A. B. (1988). Differential loss of striatal projection neurons in Huntington disease. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA. 85: 5733–5737. Kassubek, J. , Gaus, W. , and Landwehrmeyer, G. B. (2004).Evidence for more w idespread cerebral pathology in early HD: and MRI-based morphometric analysis. Neurology. 62: 523-524. Nasir, J. , Floresco, S. B. , O’Kusky, J. R. , Diewert, V. M. , Richman, J. M. , Zeisler, J. , Borowski, A. , Marth, J. D. , Philips, A. G. , and Hayden, M. R. (1995). Targeted disruption of the Huntington’s disease gene results in embryonic lethality and behavioral and morphological changes in heterozygotes. Cell. 81: 811-823. Cattaneo, E. , Zuccato, C. , and Tartari, M. (2005). Normal huntingtin function: alternative approach to Huntington’s disease.Nat Rev Neurosci. 6: 919-930. Li, J. Y. , Plomann, M. & Brundin, P. (2003). Huntington’s disease: a synaptopathy? Trends Mol. Med. 9: 414–420. Reiner, A. , Del Mar, N. , Meade, C. A. , Yang, H. , Dragatsis, I. , Zeitlin, S. , and Goldowitz, D. (2001). Neurons lacking huntingtin differentially colonize brain and survive in chimeric mice. J. Neurosci. 21: 7608-7619. Gauthier, L. R. , Charrin, B. C. , B orrell-Pages, M. , Dompierre, J. P. , Rangone, H. , Cordelieres, F. P. , De Mey, J. , MacDonald, M. E. , Lessmann, V. , Humbert, S. , and Saudou, F. 2004). Huntingtin controls neurotrophic support and survival of neurons by enhancing BDNF vesicular transport along microtubules. Cell. 118: 127-138. Leavitt, B. R. , Guttman, J. A. , Hodgson, J. G. , Kimel, G. H. , Singaraja, R. , Vogl, A. W. , and Hayden, M. R. (2001). Wild-type hungtingtin reduces the cellular toxicity of mutant huntingtin in vivo. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 68: 313-324. Davies, S. W. , Turmaine, M. , Cozens, B. A. , DiFiglia, M. , Sharp, A. H. , Ross, C. A. , Scherzinger, E. , Wanker, E. E. , Mangiarini, L. , and Bates, G. P. (1997).Formation of neuronal intranuclear inclusions underlies the neurological dysfunction in mice transgenic for the HD mutation. Cell. 90: 537-548. Arrasate, M. , Mitra, S. , Schweitzer, E. S. , Segal, M. R. , and Finkbeiner, S. (2004). Inclusion body formation reduces levels of mutant huntingtin an d the risk of neuronal death. Nature. 431: 805-810. Frank, S. , and Jankovic, J. (2010). Advances in the pharmacological management of Huntington’s disease. Drugs. 70: 561-571. Bagchi, S. P. (1983). Differential interactions of phencyclidine with tetrabenazine and reserpine affecting intraneuronal dopamine.Biochem Pharmacol. 32: 2851-6 Huntington Study Group. (2006). Tetrabenazine as antichorea therapy in Huntington disease: a randomized controlled trial. Neurology. 66: 366-72 Huggins, M. , Bloch, M. , Kanani, S. , Quarrell, O. W. , Theilman, J. , Hedrick, A. , Dickens, B. , Lynch, A. , and Hayden, M. (1990). Ethical and legal dilemmas arising during predictive testing for adult-onset disease: the experience of Huntington disease. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 47: 4-12. Lea, D. H. , Williams, J. , and Donahue, M. P. (2005). Ethical issues in genetic testing. J. Midwifery Womens Health. 550:234-240.

Internship Application Essay Samples - an in Depth Anaylsis on What Works and What Doesnt

Internship Application Essay Samples - an in Depth Anaylsis on What Works and What Doesn't Of all Of the tasks a manager performs, employee motivation is easily the most complex. There are various ways to motivate men and women in the workplace. Motivating employees is among the main tasks that managers perform in their organizations, as work motivation has an important role for the business's success. From the view of the employers, the template can enable them to choose the acceptable candidates based on the demands of their organization. The target of internship essay sample is to represent the skilled abilities and abilities a probationer has obtained during their internship at the specific organization. To understand what the definition of an internship is, keep reading. Close your internship application by means of your contact info and your urge to work for the business through that internship position. 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